
Camming a car is a term that often pops up in automotive circles, but what exactly does it mean? At its core, camming refers to the process of installing a performance camshaft in a vehicle’s engine. This modification is designed to enhance engine performance by altering the timing and duration of the valve openings, which in turn affects the air-fuel mixture and exhaust flow. But let’s dive deeper into this fascinating topic and explore the various facets of camming a car.
The Basics of Camshafts
Before we get into the nitty-gritty of camming, it’s essential to understand what a camshaft is. A camshaft is a cylindrical rod that runs through the engine block, and it’s responsible for opening and closing the engine’s valves. The shape of the camshaft’s lobes determines how long the valves stay open and how far they open, which directly impacts the engine’s performance.
Why Cam a Car?
So, why would someone want to cam their car? The primary reason is to increase horsepower and torque. By optimizing the valve timing, a performance camshaft can allow more air and fuel into the combustion chamber, resulting in a more powerful explosion and, consequently, more power. This is particularly beneficial for high-performance vehicles, race cars, and even some street cars where the driver is looking for that extra edge.
Types of Camshafts
There are several types of camshafts available, each designed for specific performance goals:
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Street Cams: These are designed for everyday driving and offer a balance between performance and drivability. They provide a noticeable increase in power without sacrificing too much in terms of fuel efficiency or smoothness.
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Race Cams: As the name suggests, these are designed for racing applications. They offer significant performance gains but can make the car less drivable on the street due to rough idling and reduced low-end torque.
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Hydraulic vs. Solid Lifters: Camshafts can also be categorized based on the type of lifters they use. Hydraulic lifters are self-adjusting and require less maintenance, while solid lifters offer more precise valve control but need regular adjustment.
The Camming Process
Camming a car is not a simple plug-and-play operation. It requires a good understanding of engine mechanics and often involves other modifications to fully realize the benefits. Here’s a general overview of the process:
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Choosing the Right Camshaft: The first step is selecting a camshaft that matches your performance goals and engine specifications. This involves considering factors like lift, duration, and lobe separation angle.
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Engine Tuning: Once the camshaft is installed, the engine’s computer (ECU) may need to be tuned to accommodate the new valve timing. This ensures that the engine runs smoothly and efficiently.
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Supporting Modifications: To get the most out of a new camshaft, other modifications like upgraded valve springs, high-flow exhaust systems, and improved intake manifolds may be necessary.
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Professional Installation: While some enthusiasts may attempt to install a camshaft themselves, it’s often best left to professionals. Incorrect installation can lead to engine damage and poor performance.
Pros and Cons of Camming a Car
Like any modification, camming a car has its advantages and disadvantages.
Pros:
- Increased Power: The most obvious benefit is the increase in horsepower and torque.
- Improved Throttle Response: A performance camshaft can make the engine more responsive, providing a more engaging driving experience.
- Customization: Camming allows you to tailor your engine’s performance to your specific needs and preferences.
Cons:
- Cost: High-quality camshafts and the necessary supporting modifications can be expensive.
- Complexity: The installation and tuning process can be complex and time-consuming.
- Drivability Issues: Aggressive cams can make the car less drivable on the street, with rough idling and reduced low-end torque.
Conclusion
Camming a car is a powerful way to enhance engine performance, but it’s not a decision to be taken lightly. It requires careful consideration of your goals, budget, and the specific needs of your vehicle. Whether you’re looking to dominate the racetrack or simply add a bit more pep to your daily driver, a well-chosen camshaft can make a world of difference.
Related Q&A
Q: Can I cam any car? A: While most cars can be cammed, it’s essential to consider the engine’s design and whether it can handle the increased stress. Some engines are more suited to performance modifications than others.
Q: How much does it cost to cam a car? A: The cost can vary widely depending on the type of camshaft, the complexity of the installation, and any additional modifications required. On average, you can expect to spend anywhere from $500 to $3000 or more.
Q: Will camming my car void my warranty? A: In most cases, yes. Modifying the engine, including installing a new camshaft, can void the manufacturer’s warranty. It’s essential to check with your dealer or manufacturer before proceeding.
Q: How long does it take to cam a car? A: The time required can vary depending on the complexity of the installation and any additional modifications. On average, it can take anywhere from a few hours to a couple of days.
Q: Can I still pass emissions with a cammed car? A: It depends on the camshaft and how the engine is tuned. Some performance cams can make it difficult to pass emissions tests, especially if they significantly alter the air-fuel mixture. It’s essential to consider this if you live in an area with strict emissions regulations.